renders



Dec. 27, 1932. ENDERS 1,892,614

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet 1 QEJQ LE L5 I 16170 /LdI/IA- BY (5C0 M ATTORNEY INVENTOR Dec. 27, 1932.

Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet 2 l NVENTOR 16 (1.7a it/OL VIA (5a). 0 m ATTORNEY Dec; 27, 1932. H. ENDERS AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 shgets-sheet 3 ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1932. H, E 1,892,614

AUTOMATI C MULTI PLICAT I Ch! MECHANI SM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR 167a 6/L6LMA.. By 60.

ATTORNEY H. ENDERS Dec. 27, 1932.

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet 5 NVENTOR ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1932., H. ENDERS 1,892,614

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17, 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet e \NVENTOR 161.70 /wU/l/ AT TORMY Dec. 27, 1932. H. ENDERS 1,892,614

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOR ATT RNEY Dec. 27, 1932.

/H. ENDERS AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 Fia 12 Fia. 15

Pic; 14-

! NVENTOR ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1932. H. ENDERS 1,892,614

AUTOMATIC IULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet 9 (MW! MMH a INVENTOR 6na1/(A.

ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1932.

Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheds-Sheet 10 Pic;

I NVENTO R ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1932. ENDERs 1,892,614

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17, 192? 15 Sheets-Sheet 11 H. ENDERS Dec. 27, 1932.

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS- Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Shee t 12 H. ENDERS Dec, 27, 1932.

, AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17. 1927 15 Sheets-Sheet l3 Fie. 26

r mNNNNN ATTORNEY Dec. 27, 1932. I ENDERS 1,892,614

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS Filed Aug. 17.1.92? 15 sheets-sheet 14 Dec. 27, 1932.- NDE 1,892,614

AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION MECHANISM FOR CALCULATORS 7 Filed Aug. 17} 1927 l5 She e ts-S heet 15 INVENTOR Z6470 (D /LdJ/IA AUURNEY accords with the disclosure'of U. S.

Patented Dec. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HUGO ENDERS, OF IBELLEVILLE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO MONROE CALCULATING MACHINE COMPANY, OF CHANGE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWABE AUTOMATIC MULTIPLICATION ISM FOR CALCULATORS Application filed August 17, 1927. Serial No. 213,570.

The invention relates to calculating machines, and more particularly to mechanism whereby multiplication may be performed and products registered automatically upon the manipulation of devices representing the desired multiplicand and multiplier.

struction and combinations of parts,as set forth in the appended claims.

Multiplication is commonly performed u on calculating machines by repeated ad- .dition of the multiplicand,'and such machines are commonly capable 'ofmultiplying without special devices, other than means for retaining amounts set upv in the selecting mech-" anism and means for registering products by counting the number of additions-made. Machines soequ ipped are therefore complete calculating machines, aside from any provision for making the operation automatic, and itis obviousl of advantage to design the automatic mec anism as an attachment which may be provided or not, according to indi vidual requirements.

It is to be understood however that various features of the invention may be eniployed as permanent parts of a calculating machine, and as to such features theinvention is not limited to an attachment.

..The reversible cycle calculating machine to which the invention is shown as applied atent No. 1,566,650, issued to Geo. C. Chase,-Dec. 22,

1925, as modfied by the disclosure of the Chase Patents #-1,664,661, issued April 3,

1928-; #1,685,074, reissued as October 22, 1929; and #1,829,210, issued October 27, 1931. I 1

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a machine embodyin the invention.

. ig. 2 is a sectional View, taken on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 4, showing the transmission.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view, taken on line 44 of Fig. 3. a

Fig. 5 is a partial right side view of the machine with casing broken away, showing the driving gears, auxiliary locating cam and operating key mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a perspective .view showing the connections between the operating keys and clutch mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a left side view of the machine, with the casing broken away and the multiplier attachment removed.

Fig. 8 is a detail left side view of the machine with the sto controlling parts in position taken whent 0 plus bar or a multiplier ke is depressed. l

9 is a similar view to Fig. 8, showing theparts in a position assumed during the release of the plus-bar or a multiplier key.

Fig. 10 is a similar view to Fig. 8, with the parts in the position taken at extra cyclic movement.

Fig. 11 is a right side view of the multiplier attachment unit.

Fig. 12 is a front view of the multiplier at-.

tachment, with part of the frame removed, I showing the parts in neutral position.

,Fig. 13is a similar view to Fig. 12, with parts. in the position assumed just before a multiplier key has reached its extreme depressed position.

" Fig. 14 is a similar view to Fig. 12, with the parts in the position taken when the key is fully depressed.

Fig. 15 is a detail side view of parts shown in Fig. 14, controlling the latching of the stolpping mechanism j. i

ig. 16 is a leftside detail view of the multiplier attachment unit, showing the parts the end of the controlling the starting of the machine in normal 'tion.

Fig. 1 is a similar view to Fig. 16, with the Parts in the position assumed just before a 5 multiplier key has reached its extreme deprmsed position.

18 is a similar view to Fig. 17 with the parts in position taken when the key is fully depresed.

Fig. 19 is a plan view of the multiplier attachment unit with key buttons and top plate removed.

Fig. 20 is a detail plan view of the multiplier selecting slide and associated parts, 15 shown in 'tion assumed when the #5 key has been epressed.

Fig. 21 is a similar view to Fig. 20, with the slide shown advanced four steps.

Fig. 22 is a detail plan view, showing the 9 carriage shift clutch and associated parts in neutral position. I

23 is a similar view to Fig. 22,'with the part in position assumed upon the depression of a multiplier or of the O-key.

5 Fig. 24 is a detail left side view of the machine with the multiplier attachment unit removed, showing the parts effecting a carriage shift at the end of an additive extra cyclic movement.

F 25 is a detail front view, showing the carriage shifting cam and associated parts in neutral position.

Fig. 26 is a similar view to Fig. 25, with the carriage shifting cam rotated 90 and the carriage advanced one-half step toward the right.

Fig. 27 is a detail side view, showing the parts which effect the release of the carnage shift clutch.

Fig. 28 is a detail side view, showing the parts which effect the locking of the 0-key when the carriage is in extreme right hand position, in neutral.

Fig. 29 is a similar view with the parts in operative position.

F 30 is a detail side view, showing the parts effecting release of the multiplier key lock in position assumed upon the depression of a multiplier key, plus or minus bar or upon setting the automatic division lever in operative position.

Fig. 31 is a similar view, with the arts in position assumed during the reboun of the actuating mechanism toward dead center position.

Fig. 32 is a similar view to Fig. 31, showing how the final rebound unlatches the multiplier keys.

Fig. is adetail front view, showing the locking of all other multiplier keys when one is depressed.

Fig. 34 s a similar view, showing the release of the key locking bail.

g. 35 is a front detail view. showing the rack shift lever and key locking bail.

Fig. 36 is a detail left side view of the same parts.

Fig. 37 is a left side view of the machine with the multiplier unit attached and easing removed.

Registering means. Figs. 1-10 According to the present disclosure, and as more fully set forth in the Chase patent above referred to, amounts set up on the keyboard 18 and thereb upon the ifierential actuating gears5 ig. 2) are registered upon numeral wheels 13 by the operation of difl'erential gear shaft 4 and shaft 154 whereon the tens carry members are mounted, these shafts being connected by a train of one to one ratio gearing 74, 75, 80, 81 (Fig. 5).

Multiplier and quotient wheels.85 are provided, as shown in this patent, or in accordance with the well known 'arran ments. The above mentioned patent and app ications also disclose the use of a transversely shiftable carriage 2, whereon the numeral wheels 13 and 85 are mounted, and which is employed in the well known manner in performing operations in multiplication and division.

The motordriving means illustrated is substantially the same as that disclosed in the Chase patent, wherein a motor A is shown in driving connection with a planetary gear mechanism, the gear members 105 and 109 of which normally rotate idly but may be selectively arrested b means of a reversing clutch lever 111', crumed at 112, to drive the third member of a differential, connected with carry shaft 154, forwardly or reversely. (Figs. 3 and 4.)

Reversing clutch lever 111 is thrown from neutral into additive or subtractive clutch ,sition b means of add kev 120, subtract 121 or 'vision'lever handle 318, as fully explained in the hereinbefore mentioned art, and by the multiplier devices forming the subject of the present invention, in the manner described hereinafter. Lever 111 bein set for additive rotation, the clutch tooth 0 arm 114 of said lever will engage with In 107 of gear 105 to cause additive rotation o the numeral wheel actuators, and said lever being set to subtraction position the clutch tooth of arm 113 thereof is engaged with clutch member 110 of gear 109 to cause subtractive rotation of the numeral wheel actuators.

To stop the movement of the actuators at the end of an operation a crank arm 20 is provided upon shaft 4. said arm having link connection 21 with rock lever 22. Arm 2-1 is pivoted at 23 and normally held in rearward position by spring 28. with a suitable lug thereof in contact with a stop pin on the frame; and carries pivotal stop element 25 located in the plane of and normally held outside the path of movement of rock lever 22(against the tension of the spring 26, by

. forward stroke.

145 thereon with one of the opposite cam the action of spring 28 and eng ement of lug into position to engage the free end 27 of therock lever 22 as the latter begins its next Arm 24 will now move as a unit with rock lever 22, a rearward extension 144 of said armengaging by means of a pin walls 147 of reversing clutch lever 111, to bring the latter to neutral or unclutched position (Figs. 8, 9, and

The numeral wheel actuating means, thus freed from the action of the motor, will be brought to rest at full cycle position as follows:

Following the action of arm 24 upon lever 111, continued movement of lever 22and arm 24 will bring lug 24 of the latter into engagement with the stop 29 as shown in Figures slight yielding of the engagin 10 and 24, whereby forward movement of the parts will be arrested beyond the full cycle position, and spring 28 will be tensioned. Spring 28 and the rebound action of the parts will return the actuating mechanism to full cycle position, where the movement will be finally checked and the parts locked in such position as follows:

Lock lever 200 is fulcrumed to the framing at 202, and is adapted under the influence of spring 203 to engage the forward end of link 21 when crank arm 20 is in rearward dead center position, said position correspending to the full cycle position of .the actuating mechanism. Vhen one of the operation'keys is moved to operative position, lock lever 200 is raised out of en agement with link 21 and held in disengage position by engagement of a spring-pressed pivoted latch 204-with lug 205 of said lever. As arm 24is rocked forwardly in the operation of the full cycle stop, a pin 206 of said arm will contact with latch 204 and release the lock lever therefrom, saidlever thereupon falling upon link 21 (Fig. 10) and, riding thereon in the operation of the machine, will thereafter drop to locking engagement with the end of the link as the parts are returned to full cycle position.

In bringing the actuating means to rest, spring 28 and stop 29 exercise a retarding action, and in order further to cushion the stop, spring means are provided whereby a portion of lever 200 is permitted under t e impact of link 21. For this purpose lock lever 200 is provided with a slide extension 228, having an end lug 229 project-ing beyond the free end of said lock lever and normally held spaced therefrom by spring 230. Contact of link 21 is made with lug 229, and movement of said link, with the actuating mechanism, is resisted by spring 230 which will also return the slide extension 228 to normal posia notch 263 o tion. The cushioning movement is limited by engagement of lug 229 with the end of lever 200. A 'l'ocator cam 153 and spring arm 155 also serves to centralize the actuating mechanism (Fig. 5).

Multiplier mwcham'sm. F igs. 11-21 According to the present embodiment of the invention product figures are obtained by adding the multigilicand set up on the keyboard a. number 0 times corresponding to the value of the multiplier, and accordin ly the multipliermechanism provides means %or operating the starting and stopping devices above described.

' F orthis purpose a bail 250 is pivotally mounted upon the multiplier frame 320, and carries a slide 252 secured thereon by a pin and slot connection, the slide being held in rearward position by means of a s ring 253 (Fig. 20) A spring 257 holds bai 250 normally in position engaging the stop 258.

Slide 252 is provided with lateral spaced teeth 259, which in the normal osition of the slide underlie cam edges 262 o the' multiof the cam ed e 262 of each key terminates in %less depth than therise of the cam, and upon depression of the key the cam edge 262 engaging the tooth 259 of slide 252,

. will rock bail 250 to the left (Fig. 13), and

will then allow the bail to return partway to the right and will hold it in this positionby engagement of :tooth 259 with notch 263. (Fig. 14).

plier keys 261 (Fig. 12). c The upper portion 7 1C) Bail 250 is provided with an arm 321 1111-.

derlying lever 322 fulcrumed upon frame 320.

Upon onearm of lever 322 rests a pin 323,

said pin forming a pivotal connection between pivoted link 214 and settinglever 134, fulcrumed upon the main frame of the machine. Link 214 is provided with a hook end 215 underlying a stud 216 of the lock lever 200. As bail 250 is rocked to the left, arm 321 will rise, carrying with it lever 322, pin

323, link 214 and lock lever 200, the latter be ing engaged with latch 204, so that the actuating means. will be free to rotate.

The movement imparted to setting lever 134 by the rocking of the bail carries the pawl 136 mounted upon the rear end of said lever downward and allows it to bring lug 141 of pawl beneath lug 142 of trigger lever 31' (Fig. 8). Setting lever 134 and pawl 136 are held in this positon by the engagement of an arm 324 of lever 322 with a spring latch 325 (Fig. 15), so that as the tooth 259 of slide 252 enters the notch 263 of the key and the bail 250 drops partially back, said pawl will remain in fully'depressed position. The depression of pawl 136 positions the parts for the tripping of trigger 31 and the operation of the stop at a future time.

An arm 326 (Fig. 16), similar to arm 321,

gaging the slotted end of a slide 327, having pin and slotconnection withframe 320. A lug 328 of slide 327 normally underlies the toothed end of a click latch 329 mounted upon one arm of a latch lever 330. A spring tensioned starting lever 331 is normally re strained by engagement of a lug 332 thereof slide 327, and lug 328 will displace and pas over the tooth of click latch 329 (Fig. 17). Upon the partial movement of bail 250 toward the right, slide 327 will be carried downward and latch lever 330 will be moved to disengage its above-mentionedtooth from starting lever 331, spring 335 of lever 331 thereupon bringing cam edge 333 against pin 334 and throwing the reversing clutch lever 111 from neutral into adding position 18) It will be recalled that the partlal movement of bail 250 toward the right, during.

which the clutch is engaged, consists of a movement of the bail into engaging relation with the locking wall of notch 2630f the depressed key, from which it will be evident that the clutch will be engaged only after the multiplier value has been set and the setting locked in the multiplier mechanism. As a consequence, it will be impossible to obtain a false operation of the multiplier mechanism by partial depression of a multiplier key.

'lhe machine being thus unlocked and set in motion, rock lever 22 will be brought in contact with the lever 158 fulcrumed upon the main frame of the machine, causing the latter lever to depress a pivoted arm 169 of lever 134, and thereby to tension a spring 167 connecting arm 169 and lever 134. The power stored 1n this spring is utilized to trip trigger lever 31 when lever 134 is released to terminate the operation.

The cycles of operation are counted and the quotient figure registration terminated at the proper time by the following means:

Slide 252 (Figs. 19, 20 and 21) is provided with rack teeth 270 and 279 which, as the bail 250 is swung to the right, engage with-pawls 269 and 27 8, said rack teeth pushing the pawls backward slightly and remaining in engagement therewith after the tooth 259 falls into the notch 263 of the key. Pawl 269 is mounted upon a rocker 273, provided with a roller 275, engaging the edge of a cam disc 276, and held thereagainst by spring 277, the rocker being pivoted upon the framing 320. Cam disc 27 6 is provided with a radial slot engaging a pin mounted on the link 21 of the stopping mechanism, so that disc 276 will receive one complete rotation for each rotation of the actuating mechanism of the machine. During each such rotation the rise 337 of cam disc 276 will move the rockers 273 1y two steps, etc., progressively, so that the tooth cooperating with the 9 key rovides for registratio11 unt l the slide has en moved nine steps. Upon release from the key, bail 250 with slide 252 returns to normal position, releasing the pawls 269 and 278 and allowing theslide 252 to return to its normal rearward position under the action of spring 253 as soon as the upward movement of the key allows the teeth 259 to pass below cam edge 262.

The return movement of the released bail brings arm 321 thereof against the spring latch 325, releasing the lever 322 and permitting lug 141 of pawl 136 to be brought against lug 142 to trip the trigger lever. Thus the unclutching and stopping devices previously described are brought into action upon the completion of the cycle (Figs. 9 and 10) As pin 145 is carried upward to bring reversing clutch lever 111 into neutral position it will contact with the end of starting lever 331 and will raise said lever into engagement with latch lever 330, the restoration of bail 250 having previously depressed slide 327 and caused click latch 329 to slip from lug 328,

and latch lever 330 having thereupon been returned to latching position by its spring Carriage shifting. Figs. 22- 27 The machine is put in condition for automatically shifting the numeral wheel carriage 2 to the right upon the completion of a multiplier figure registration by the engagement of the clutch hub 61 of a carriage shifting cam 59 with a clutch member 62 fast upon carriage shifting shaft 46, this engagement being efl'ected upon the depression of the multiplier key by the following means:

The lever 339 (Fig. 22), fulcrumed upon frame 320, has an arm engaging bail 250 and a laterally projecting arm engaging a laterally projecting arm of a lever 301 fulcrumed within the main frame of the machine. A rearward extending arm of lever 301 engages a-spring latch 340 and is provided with a spur 341 contacting with a plate 65 pivoted to the main frame of the machine, said plate having a shipper arm 317 engaging clutch hub 61. As bail 250 is rocked upon the depression of a key, lever 339 will rock lever 301 and plate 65 will bring clutch hub 61 into engagement with clutch member 62 against the tension of spring 316. The clutch will be latched in engaging position by spring latch 340 (Fig. 23), so that an operation of the full cycle stopping means will serve to shift the numera1 wheel carriage as follows:

Push rod .47 (Fig. 24) is pivoted on arm 24 at 48, and has a rear cam face 49 engaging pin 50 mounted upon link 21, the forward end of said push rod being adapted to push forwardly against roller 51 mounted on a bell lever 52. Lever 52 is fulcrumed at 53 to the framing of the machine and is connected at its forward end with an arm of carriage shifting lever 55 by means of spring 57 and spacer rod 54. The other or right hand arm 0 carriage shifting lever 55 is provided at its free end with a roller 58 adapted to operate carriage shifting cam 59. i

During the movement of arm 24 of the stop mechanism from normal position to position of contact with stop 29, at the end of the product figure registration, pin 50 of link 21 encounters cam end 49 of the push rod and thereby pulls the forward end of said rod against roller 51 of the bell lever 52, the push rod 47 moving jointly with arm 24 and operating bell lever 52 to tension spring 57. Spring 57 being elongated stores energy and utilizes the same more slowly in its operation of the carriage shifting lever 55. As roller 58 of the carriage shifting lever is carried upward, cam 59 and shaft 46 are rotated clockwise as viewed in Figure 26, and one of the opposite crank pins .64of said shaft enga ing a serration of the rack located on the orward edge of the carriage, the carriage will be raised and advanced about one half of its step movement. The momentum of the carriage and the force of gravity acting thereon is suflicientgto complete the shifting into the next ordinal position.

The above described movement of arm 24 will also carry said arm forwardly against latch 340 and will thereby release lever 301 (Fig. 27), whereupon plate 65 will be free to disengage the clutch members 61 and 62, under the influence of spring 316. This releasing of the clutch will not, however, take place while the'friction' between said members is maintained by the. shifting mechanism. As soon, however, as the rotary movement of clutch hub 61' has been completed the continued rotation of clutch member 62 will disengage the opposed clutch faces of the members and spring 316 will disengage the clutch as stated.

As illustrated, the carriage will be shifted toward the right, upon operation of a multiplier key 261 or of the 0 multiplier key. It will, however, be obvious that by employing a reversely disposed cam and ratchet hub, such as those disclosed in Figures 22, 23 and 25,

26, the carriage may be shifted automatically toward the left.

0 Multiplier or carriage shift key.

Figs. 11, 1.9, 28 and 29 It has been shown that the operation of the full cycle stop at the end of a. product figure registration will serve to shift the carriage, throw the reversing clutch lever 111 to neutral position and return the actuators from the limit of the full cycle zone and bring them to rest in full cycle position. It will also be noted that if the stop member 25 be tripped when the parts are in their normal position of rest the full cycle stop will operate without allowing the actuators to pass out of the idle zone. That is to say, extra-cyclic operation of the stopping means, instead of following the final cycle of operation, will occur in-v dependently of any cyclic movement of the actuators. Obviously, under these conditions,

shiftin of the carriage, without registration,

will ta e place.

The 0 multiplier key is therefore arranged to rock bail 256 and thereby to operate the different multiplier devices precisely as they are operated by the other multiplier keys, and in addition to this, means are provided whereb the depression of the 0 multiplier key wil immediately trip trigger 31 to release the stop member 25. 1

This tripping means com rises a lever 342 fulcrumed intermediately 0 its length at 343 in the frame 320, the forward end of said lever lying under the stem of the 0 key and the rearward end thereof being provided with a latching awl 344. Pawl 344 underlies a lever345 ulcrumed in frame 320 and provided with an arm 346 engaging the lower edge; of trigger lever 31. Upon depression of the 0 key. lever 342 will be rocked and pawl 344 will act to raise lever 345 and trigger 31, the parts being held in this position by the key locking means hereinafter describeduntil the rocker 273 ofthe slide operating. pawl 269 is moved by the cam disc 276, whereright hand osition. For this purpose a lug 348 on the orward edge of the carriage engages the rear arm of the bell lever 349 as said carriage drops to its extreme right hand position, a depending arm of said bell lever eing thereby operated to push slide 350 forwardly. The forward end of slide 350 en- 

